正在編輯用戶:Hinnia/沙盒/History Notes (Motivations （章節）

=== What remained the same ===

==== First Crusade ====

* Urban preached at Clemont 1095
* Charters reveal 60k responded directly to him, at the orders and obedience of Urban
* Knights have been conditioned to fear hell, but Urban offered a new way of salvation

==== Just War Theory ====

* 6th commandment "Thou shall not kill"
* To fight in the crusade the knights would break it
* With help from Matilda of Tuscany and Anselm
** Came up with the assurance they needed
*** Just Cause: liberation of the Holy Land Jerusalem
*** Just Intent: pilgrimage and remission of sins
*** Just Leader: Pope, God’s rep on earth
* Used as a reason in Letter to Bologna
* Not just applicable to 1st crusade
** Developed further throughout the 12th century
** Remained as critical in the 2nd and 3rd crusades

==== Indulgence ====

* Due to political violence in Europe
** Knights were conditioned to fear hell
* Revealed in charter evidence that Urban promised that they would get “remissio peccatorum”
** Remission of all sins for going on crusade
* Again not just applicable to the 1st crusade
** Developed further
*** Plenary Indulgence in 12th century
**** Reassure that crusade was sufficient to secure total remission of sins
**** If a person promised to go on a crusade, would be let off all penalties for sins committed
**** Gift from God, no question of whether earned or not
**** Idea of Treasury of the Church

==== Liberation of Jerusalem ====

* Urban used pollution language
** evidenced by chroniclers such as Baudri of Dol
* Jerusalem was not just under threat
** But was also polluted by the Muslim world
*** Muslims were alien to God
** Jerusalem was under pollution especially the Holy Sepulchre
* Important role in 2nd Crusade
** Crusade was a response to Edessa being captured by Zengi
** Bernard of Clairvaux used Jerusalem to preach crusades
** propaganda value
* Important role in 3rd Crusade
** Crusade was a response to Jerusalem fallen to Saladin
** Made Jerusalem still more central to crusading